Infantile de novo primary antiphospholipid syndrome revealed by neonatal stroke

the first child of a 28 year healthy mother with no history of auto-immunity nor thrombotic events. The pregnancy was complicated by diabetes. The birth arose after a 39 weeks pregnancy, by normal vaginal delivery. The male newborn weighted 3830 g (P90). The clinical examination was normal. The third day, he exhibited clonic seizure of the right hemi-body. EEG demonstrated left temporal spikes. Cerebral ultrasonography and MRI showed infarction in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III, protein C, protein S and homocystine levels were normal. There was no mutation of the factor II or V. Serology for antiphospholipid antibodies and detection for antiβ2gp1 were negative in the child and the mother serum. One year later, a new systematic screening showed a high titer of anticardiolipid antibodies (Table 1). Antinuclear antibodies were negative. None of those antibodies were found in the maternal serum. All those features persisted on a second testing 12 weeks later.

			Time after birth
			5 days		1 year
		Normal values	Child	Mother	Child	Mother
KCT (sec)			43/34		52/35	36/36
Anticardiolipid AB	IgM (UMPL/ml)	<10	<5	<1	4	<1
	IgG (UGPL/ml)	<11	<5	<1	191	<1
Anti β2gpI AB	IgM	<10	<5	<1	<1	<1
	IgG	<20	<5	<1	258	<1
VDRL			-	-	NEG	NEG
TPHA			-		NEG	NEG