Table 2 CD4+CD25^high regulatory T cells in rheumatic diseases.

JIA

1) ↓ numbers in extended oligoarticular JIA.

2) HSP epitopes induce ↑ numbers in synovial fluid.

3) ASCT induces restoration of normal numbers and immune tolerance.

4) Regulatory T cells from inflamed joints express CD27.

1) DeKleer et al., 2004 (106).

2) Massa et al., 2007 (109).

3) DeKleer et al., 2006 (110).

4) Ruprecht et al., 2005 (111).

RA

1) No change in numbers in peripheral blood, ↑ numbers in synovial fluid.

2) Anti-TNF-α treatment does not induce changes in numbers and function*.

3) Anti-TNF-α treatment induces ↑ in numbers and function *.

4) Synovial T cells are more resistant to suppression.

5) ↑ numbers of CCR5+ CXCR4+ regulatory T cells in synovial fluid.

6) Imbalance between IFN-γ producing cells and regulatory T cell numbers.

1) Cao et al., 2003 (108), Mottonen et al., 2005 (119).

2) Dombrecht et al., 2006 (115).

3) Ehrenstein et al., 2004 (117).

4) van Amelsfort et al., 2004 (116).

5) Jiao et al., 2007 (120).

6) Behrens et al., 2007 (121).

SLE

1) ↓ numbers during active disease*.

2) No change in numbers during clinical remission.

3) ↑ numbers*.

4) Treatment does not induce changes in numbers*.

5) Corticosteroid treatment induces ↑ numbers*.

6) IFN-α producing cells block suppressive function.

7) Positive correlation between numbers and disease severity*.

8) Inverse correlation between numbers and disease severity*.

9) Reversible functional defect in active disease.

1) Liu et al., 2004 (126); Mellor-Pita et al., 2006 (127).

2) Crispin et al., 2004 (128).

3) Azab et al., 2008 (129).

4) Cepika et al, 2007 (131)

5) Valencia et al., 2007 (132).

6) Yan et al., 2008 (134).

7) Mellor-Pita et al., 2006 (127).

8) Lin et al., 2007 (130).

9) Barath et al., 2007 (135).

Spondylo-arthropathy

1) No change in numbers and function.

1) Cao et al., 2003 (108).

Kawasaki disease

1) ↓ numbers in active disease; normalized numbers in defervescense.

1) Furuno et al., 2004 (138).

Sjogren's syndrome

1) ↑ numbers*.

2) ↓ numbers*.

1) Gottenberg et al., 2005 (136).

2) Li et al., 2007 (137).

Sarcoidosis

1) ↑ numbers; insufficient inhibition of TNF-α production.

2) ↓ regulatory T cell-associated genes in broncho-aveolar fluid T cells.

1) Miyara et al., 2003 (139).

2) Idali et al., 2008 (140).