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Long term efficacy and safety of canakinumab in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with and without fever
Pediatric Rheumatology volume 13, Article number: O83 (2015)
Introduction
Rapid and sustained efficacy of canakinumab (CAN) were previously demonstrated in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) [1]. However, little is known about potential differences in response to CAN treatment between patients with vs. without SJIA-associated fever at the time of the first CAN administration.
Objectives
To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety profile of CAN-naïve SJIA patients with and without SJIA-associated fever.
Patients and methods
patients aged 2-20 years with SJIA with and without SJIA associated fever at enrollment received open-label CAN 4mg/kg s.c. every 4 wks. Every 3 months, response to CAN was measured by adapted JIA ACR response criteria (aACR/JIA); juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS); clinical inactive disease; clinical remission on medication (CRM, 6 months continuous clinical inactive disease). Safety was assessed monthly.
Results
Data on 122/267 patients, 53 (43%) with and 69 (57%) without SJIA associated fever, were available for analysis with a median 94 wk study duration. At Wk4, ~75% of both subgroups had responded (≥ aACR/JIA30), increasing to 90% at Wk12. At Wk2, ~21% of both subgroups had inactive disease; 44% at Wk8; 60% at Wk20 and then 60-70% for the remainder of the trial. CRM was achieved in about 29% of patients in both subgroups with ~22% maintaining it for ≥12 consecutive months. At baseline, the median JADAS score was 21.5 with 8 (7.5%) and 99 (92.5%) patients meeting the criteria for moderate (JADAS >3.8 and ≤10.5) and high disease activity (JADAS >10.5), respectively. At Day 15, the median JADAS was 6.8 and 1.5 at the last assessment. At the last assessment, 53 (48%) patients had inactive disease (JADAS ≤ 1); 10 (9%) with low active disease activity (JADAS >1 and ≤3.8); while 14 (13%) had moderate and 31 (28%) with high disease activity. Infection (0.56 infections/100 patient-days), typically involving upper respiratory tract was the most common type of adverse event. Fifteen patients discontinued due to an AE and 40 had >1 SAE (mostly infections, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), or flare-associated) and no deaths. Eight cases of MAS (0.013 events/100 patient-days) were reported.
Conclusion
Canakinumab provides similar efficacy in SJIA patients with and without SJIA-associated fever at treatment onset. The long-term safety profile was acceptable and similar to the pivotal program in SJIA children with fever at enrollment.
References
Groom JR, Luster AD: CXCR3 ligands: redundant, collaborative and antagonistic functions. Immunol Cell Biol. 2011, 89 (2): 207-15. 10.1038/icb.2010.158.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Horneff, G., Ruperto, N., Brunner, H. et al. Long term efficacy and safety of canakinumab in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with and without fever. Pediatr Rheumatol 13 (Suppl 1), O83 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1546-0096-13-S1-O83
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1546-0096-13-S1-O83
Keywords
- Safety Profile
- Clinical Remission
- Macrophage Activation Syndrome
- High Disease Activity
- Inactive Disease