The clinical relevance of different antiphospholipid antibody profiles in pediatric rheumatology patients

Table 3 Demographic and clinical characteristics of nine persistently antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) positive patients with moderate-to-large vessel and/or microvascular thrombosis

Age^#	Sex	Associated Autoimmune Disease	Thrombotic Manifestations	APS Related Non-thrombotic Manifestations*	aPL Profile^**
12	F	N/A	Intrahepatic IVC thrombus, PE, popliteal artery thrombosis	Thrombocytopenia, AIHA, livedo racemosa	LA
12	F	SLE	aPL-nephropathy^$	AIHA, livedo reticularis, migraine	LA aCL IgG 20-39U & IgM ≥ 40U aβ2GPI IgM ≥ 40U
14	F	SLE-Like Disease	DVT (x2), PE	N/A	LA aCL IgG ≥ 40U aβ2GPI IgG ≥ 40U
16	F	N/A	DVT/PE	N/A	LA aCL IgM ≥ 40U aβ2GPI IgM ≥ 40U
16	F	N/A	DVT (x2)	N/A	aCL IgM ≥ 40U
17	F	SLE	Intracardiac thrombus	Cardiac valve disease	LA
17	M	N/A	Superficial vein thrombosis	Migraine	LA aCL IgM ≥ 40U aβ2GPI IgG ≥ 40U
18	F	SLE	DVT	Migraine	LA aCL IgG ≥ 40U aβ2GPI IgM ≥ 40U
18	F	SLE	Livedoid vasculopathy related skin ulcer	Thrombocytopenia	LA

F: Female; M: Male; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; PE: Pulmonary embolism; IVC: inferior vena cava; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; AIHA: autoimmune hemolytic anemia. LA: lupus anticoagulant; aCL: anticardiolipin antibody; and aβ₂GPI: anti-β₂ glycoprotein-I antibody. All patients had abnormal aPL testing within one year of first thrombotic event. After initial event, five patients were on aspirin, six patients were on low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (two of whom were later placed on Warfarin), and six of the patients were on hydroxychloroquine (only one of whom did not have SLE or SLE-like disease). ^#Patients were all post-pubertal or in their late adolescent years; however, Tanner staging was not available on documentation. *Non-thrombotic manifestations were included if they were not attributable to another diagnosis; **aPL profile at time of first event. ^$The aPL-nephropathy was established based on renal biopsy

ISSN: 1546-0096