Table 3 Distribution of the Kiswahili-pGALS parameters

Number of positive Kiswahili-pGALS manoeuvres in the participants (n = 98)

 0

35 (35.7)

 1

44 (44.9)

 2

11 (11.2)

 3

5 (5.1)

  ≥ 4

3 (3.0)

Kiswahili-pGALS outcome (n = 98)

 Positive

67 (68.0)

 Negative

31 (32)

Gold standard's diagnosis (n = 91)

 Normal joints

35 (38.5)

 Abnormal joints

56 (61.5)

Spectrum of conditions (n = 56) (Categories were not mutually exclusive)

 Pes planus

46 (82.1)

 Joint hypermobility

23 (41.1)

 Calcaneus valgus

5 (8.9)

 Tight muscles

2 (3.6)

 Osgood Schlatter disease

1 (1.8)

 Soft tissue injury

1 (1.8)

 Ankle pain

1 (1.8)

 Knee pain

1 (1.8)

 Antalgic gait

1 (1.8)

 Left-sided hemiparesis

1 (1.8)

 Genu Varus

1 (1.8)

Level of discomfort of participants as perceived by the parent/guardians (n = 98)

n (%)

 No discomfort

83 (84.7)

 Mild pain

6 (6.1)

 Moderate pain

3 (3.1)

 Lots of pain

1 (1.0)

 Some discomfort

5 (5.1)

Level of discomfort of participants as perceived by the research assistant (n = 98) (Visual analogue scale)

 No hurt

86 (87.8)

 Hurts a little

8 (8.2)

 Hurts even more

2 (2.04)

 Hurts a whole lot

2 (2.04)