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Fig. 1 | Pediatric Rheumatology

Fig. 1

From: The culture microenvironment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis synovial fibroblasts is favorable for endochondral bone formation through BMP4 and repressed by chondrocytes

Fig. 1

Changes in gene expression over 24 h between control FLS (CFLS) and JIA FLS (JFLS). JFLS favor TGFβ through increased expression of SMAD2 (p = 0.016) and downregulate BMP receptor BMPR1a (p = 0.007) and BMP ligand BMP2 (p = 0.041) compared with CFLS (a). JFLS have increased expression of MMP9 (p = 0.035), PCNA (p = 0.006), and MMP12 (p = 0.049), genes typically associated with prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes (Ch) and decreased expression of VEGFA (p = 0.032) and SPP1 (p = 0.049), genes normally expressed by perichondral and endochondral osteoblasts during endochondral bone formation (EBF) (b). Total protein expression of Ch markers was measured on cell culture supernatants using ELISA. JFLS secrete significantly more collagen II (COL2 p = 0.029), collagen X (COLX p = 0.026), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP p = 0.023) when compared with CFLS (c). Total protein expression of BMP antagonists was measured on cell culture supernatants using ELISA. JFLS overexpress chordin (p = 0.020) and noggin (p = 0.030) compared with CFLS (d)

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Pediatric Rheumatology

ISSN: 1546-0096