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Table 4 Factors associated with ALL (Univariate and Multivariate analyses)

From: Persistent osteoarticular pain in children: early clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (a multicenter case-control study of 147 patients)

 

_____Univariate analysis______

___Multivariate analysis 1a_____

___Multivariate analysis 2b_____

___Multivariate analysis 3c_____

β

OR (95% CI)

p

β

OR (95% CI)

p

β

OR (95% CI)

p

β

OR (95% CI)

p

- Non-articular bone pain

2.0

7.5 (2.9–19.8)

<  0.001

2.6

13.6 (3.2–57.4)

0.001

- Non-articular bone pain and/or poor general state

3.5

33.2 (12.5–87.6)

<  0.001

4.8

124 (11.4–236)

<  0.001

4.6

104 (6.3–172)

0.001

- Neutrophils < 2 × 109/L

1.8

6.1 (2.3–16.1)

<  0.001

3.9

50 (4.3–58)

0.002

4.6

104 (3.4–327)

0.008

- Platelets < 300 × 109/L

2.0

7.6 (2.3–19.8)

<  0.001

2.6

14 (2.3–83.9)

0.004

3.4

31.8 (2.9–353)

0.005

- Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy

4.9

148 (31–696)

<  0.001

5.0

154 (30–793)

<  0.001

- Fever

1.3

3.6 (2.1–6.5)

<  0.001

1.5

4.5 (1.9–10.5)

0.01

Model performance measures d

 - AUC (95% CI)

    

0.94 (0.89–0.98)

 

0.96 (0.93–0.99)

  

0.96 (0.93–0.99)

 

 - Sensitivity (95% CI)

    

0.85 (0.81–0.90)

 

0.83 (0.80–0.88)

  

0.83 (0.79–0.99)

 

 - Specificity (95% CI)

    

0.93 (0.89–0.98)

 

0.95 (0.91–0.99)

  

0.95 (0.92–0.99)

 
  1. β is the regression coefficient
  2. a: Multivariate analysis including “hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy”
  3. b: Multivariate analysis after excluding “hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy”
  4. c: Multivariate analysis after excluding “hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy”: model restricted to children with fever and/or increased inflammatory markers
  5. d: Values of apparent model performance obtained in the same subjects used for model development (AUC: area under the ROC curve)