Table 3 The univariate and multivariate regression analyses of factors associated with bone loss

Female gender

1.58 [0.33–7.56]

0.56

Older age at the onset of primary disease (per 1 year)

0.86 [0.68–1.07]

0.18

 SLE

1.56 [0.43–5.65]

0.50

 sJIA

4.17 [0.44–39.7]

0.21

 Others

0.27 [0.06–1.17]

0.08

Older age at the evaluation of osteoporosis (per 1 year)

0.90 [0.73–1.11]

0.32

Older age at the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy (per 1 year)

0.88 [0.71–1.09]

0.24

Heavier body weight at the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy (per 1 kg)

0.97 [0.91–1.02]

0.22

Hospitalization during the study period

NC

NC

Longer length of hospitalization during the study period (per 1 day)

1.01 [1.00–1.03]

0.18

Longer length of the period between the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy and evaluation of osteoporosis (per 1 year)

8.86 [0.65–121.3]

0.10

Greater cumulative prednisolone-equivalent dose of glucocorticoids (per 1 mg)

1.00 [1.00–1.00]

0.83

Greater cumulative prednisolone-equivalent dose of glucocorticoids per body weight per day (per 1 mg/kg/day)

0.95 [0.31–2.89]

0.92

Greater number of mPSLPT (per time)

1.04 [0.59–1.83]

0.89

Greater cumulative prednisolone-equivalent dose of glucocorticoids except mPSLPT (per 1 mg)

1.00 [1.00–1.00]

0.14

Greater cumulative prednisolone-equivalent dose of glucocorticoids per body weight per day except mPSLPT (per 1 mg/kg/day)

5.07 [0.23–113.0]

0.31

Use of immunosuppressive drugs^a

2.16 [0.48–9.77]

0.32

Use of tocilizumab

8,293,320 [0.00-NC]

0.99

Supplementation of vitamin D

1.69 [0.44–6.47]

0.44

Supplementation of calcium

0.12 [0.01–2.72]^b

0.12

 by the evaluation of osteoporosis

0.32 [0.08–1.21]

0.09

 within 3 months after the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy

0.12 [0.02–0.56]

<  0.01