Fig. 1
From: The human microbiome and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
The potential role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of JIA. Microbial dysbiosis may result in dysregulation of the immune system through influencing the interaction with T cell subsets and the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Altered mucosal permeability may in turn also influence the direction in which T cell subsets develop. Together with genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers, this may result in autoimmunity and joint inflammation