Fig. 2
From: Monogenic polyarteritis: the lesson of ADA2 deficiency
Production and physiological role of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (ADA2). ADA2 is produced and secreted by cells of myeloid lineage; it exerts its enzymatic activity in the extracellular space, especially in the presence of a low pH or high temperature. On monocytes (a) ADA2 acts as growth-factor with an autocrine activity: it induces monocytes’ proliferation and promote the differentiation of M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages. On neutrophils (b) ADA2 induces the gene of expression of some pro-inflammatory proteins, such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophils’ activations, leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. There are indirect evidences of a possible role of ADA2 as growth-factor for endothelial cells (c)