Table 3 Kinematic and kinetic outcome values of upright standing and stance phase of walking. Data of JIA pes planovalgus patients (JIA-PPV) and healthy control group (CG)
JIA-PPV (n = 11) | CG (n = 14) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameter | Median | Q25/Q75 | p-value | Median | Q25/Q75 | p-value | ||
Hindfoot to tibia motion (°) | ||||||||
DF/PF | static | 1.8 | −2.5/4.1 | 4.0 | 2.2/6.9 | 0.033* | ||
dorsiflexion (max in TSt) | 2.5 | −0.1/5.7 | 10.0 | 6.2/11.2 | <0.001* | |||
plantarflexion (max in PSw) | −14.1 | −17.7/-5.5 | −7.1 | −11.3/-4.9 | 0.120 | |||
ROM (TSt to PSw) | 15.4 | 17.7/10.1 | 17.0 | 19.4/14.5 | 0.434 | |||
IV/EV | static | −9.2 | −12.5/-5.3 | −0.5 | −3.4/1.4 | <0.001* | ||
in/eversion (IC) | −6.4 | −9.1/-2.3 | 4.0 | 0.7/6.6 | <0.001* | |||
eversion (max in MSt) | −11.1 | −15.0/-9.0 | −2.4 | −3.2/-0.8 | <0.001* | |||
inversion (max in PSw) | −0.2 | −5.1/2.1 | 10.5 | 5.2/12.8 | <0.001* | |||
ROM (IC to MSt) | 5.4 | 7.1/4.3 | 5.7 | 7.6/3.7 | 0.767 | |||
ROM (MSt to PSw) | 11.0 | 8.3/13.6 | 12.2 | 9.6/15.0 | 0.317 | |||
static vs. max in MSt | −9.2 | −12.5/-5.3 | 0.021* | −0.5 | −3.4/1.4 | 0.14 | ||
−11.1 | −15.0/-9.0 | −2.4 | −3.2/-0.8 | |||||
Forefoot to hindfoot motion (°) | ||||||||
DF/PF | static | 10.1 | 6.1/14.2 | 5.6 | 4.1/6.8 | 0.014* | ||
dorsiflexion (max in TSt) | 18.0 | 11.5/21.2 | 13.4 | 10.7/14.5 | 0.058 | |||
plantarflexion (max in PSw) | 3.2 | −4.2/5.9 | −4.8 | −6.8/-2.7 | 0.005* | |||
ROM (TSt to PSw) | 14.8 | 19.7/12.1 | 17.7 | 19.0/15.3 | 0.244 | |||
SP/PR | static | 14.3 | 12.4/19.5 | 5.5 | 2.0/8.2 | <0.001* | ||
supination (max in LR) | 17.8 | 12.0/20.9 | 5.4 | 1.8/7.4 | <0.001* | |||
pronation (max in TSt) | 8.8 | 7.1/13.9 | −0.1 | −1.5/1.8 | <0.001* | |||
ROM (LR to TSt) | 7.0 | 8.4/4.5 | 4.3 | 6.2/3.6 | 0.006* | |||
Medial longitudinal arch | ||||||||
AH (%) | static | 20.7 | 19.0/22.0 | 21.6 | 20.5/22.3 | 0.274 | ||
minimum (MSt) | 21.4 | 18.0/23.6 | 20.4 | 19.5/21.5 | 0.767 | |||
maximum (MSt) | 21.6 | 18.5/23.8 | 21.3 | 20.1/22.2 | 0.809 | |||
ROM (min to max MSt) | 0.5 | 0.2/0.8 | 0.6 | 0.4/0.9 | 0.501 | |||
static vs. min in MSt | 20.7 | 19.0/22.0 | 0.929 | 21.6 | 20.5/22.3 | 0.096 | ||
21.4 | 18.0/23.6 | 20.4 | 19.5/21.5 | |||||
AI | (MSt) | 0.25 | 0.23/0.27 | 0.22 | 0.17/0.23 | 0.007* | ||
Foot progression angle (°) | ||||||||
static | −5.8 | −8.4/-0.9 | −6.1 | −9.1/-3.7 | 0.511 | |||
maximum (MSt) | −6.0 | −10.5/-3.0 | −4.0 | −6.8/-1.0 | 0.267 | |||
static vs. MSt | 0.594 | 0.158 | ||||||
Ankle kinetics | ||||||||
Dorsiflexion moment in late stance phase (Nm/kg) | 1.3 | 1.1/1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3/1.5 | 0.037* | |||
Power in late stance phase (W/kg) | 3.3 | 2.1/4.3 | 3.9 | 3.5/4.4 | 0.08 | |||