Table 2 Causes of Raynaud's phenomenon
From: Primary Raynaud's phenomenon in an infant: a case report and review of literature
Category | Disease conditions |
|---|---|
Connective tissue/autoimmune disorders | Scleroderma, Dematomyositis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) syndrome Polyarteritis nodosa |
Repetitive trauma | Work involving tools with vibrations |
Drugs | Interferon-alpha, Bleomycin Ergotamine |
Infections | Helicobacter Pylori Parvovirus B19 |
Metabolic | Atherosclerosis Cryoglobulinemia Hyperhomocysteinemia |
Chemical exposure | Vinyl chloride exposure in plastic industry Smoking |
Other | Carpal-tunnel syndrome CREST* syndrome |