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Table 1 Pain VAS in the low vs. high HR change groups.

From: Nitrous Oxide sedation for intra-articular injection in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

 

Patient VAS

Parent VAS

Physician VAS*

Nurse VAS*

Low ΔHR

2.75

3.00

2.25

3.00

High ΔHR

5.50

5.00

4.50

5.00

  1. VAS: Visual analog scale; HR: heart rate
  2. *P for physicians- (p = 0.006) and nurses (p = 0.010) between the low and high ΔHR groups