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Comparison of different treatment approaches in chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis.

Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is a heterogenous group of immune-mediated inflammatory bone diseases, which often co-exist with other rheumatic diseases. There are no approved treatments for CNO, except non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The efficacy of methotrexate (MTX), sulfasalazine, pamidronate (PAM), anti-IL1 and TNFα-inhibitors was shown in different reports, but there are some concerns about safety of pamidronate due to long-term accumulation and persistation in bone.

The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of non-randomized different treatment approaches in pediatric patient cohort with CNO.

Materials

37 children (16 M and 21 F) with CNO from medical centers in Saint Petersburg. The average age at the onset of disease was 8.5 years (5.9÷10.5), the number of foci - 3.0 (2.0÷6.5, incl. multifocal cases in 78.4%), fever at the onset -37.8%, spine involvement - 32.4%, positive family autoimmune diseases (AID) history - 8.1%, concomitant AID - 64.9%. NSAID was the first-line treatment for non-vertebral cases, as well as PAM for vertebral involvement. Second-line treatment includes MTX, PAM and TNFα-inh. Dynamics of pain, patient's (PVAS) and physician's (MDVAS) assessment of CNO activity we evaluated.

Results

According to the NSAID, MTX, PAM and TNFα-inh groups next data were registered:

PVAS: -26.2% (p=0.05), -14.6% (p=0.06), -84.7% (p=0.0002),-75.6% (p=0.012);

pain: -36.4% (p=0.028), -15.6% (p=0.31), -84.8% (p=0.0002), -82.6%, p=0.012);

MDVAS: -33.8% (p=0.08); +2.4% (p=0.24),-81.4% (p=0.0002), -75.8%, (p=0.012), respectively.

The therapy was effective in 38.9%, 57.1%, 83.3% and 88.8% respectively (log-rank test, p=0.012). TNFα-inh usually used as second-third line treatment in cases where other options, especially PAM were fall.

Conclusions

The most effective treatment approaches for CNO were PAM and TNFα-inh. The randomized controlled trials for assessment efficacy and safety of these medications is mandatory to confirm these results.

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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Kostik, M., Chikova, I., Masalova, V. et al. Comparison of different treatment approaches in chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis.. Pediatr Rheumatol 13 (Suppl 1), P203 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1546-0096-13-S1-P203

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1546-0096-13-S1-P203

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