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Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

From: Outcomes of transitional care programs on adolescent chronic inflammatory systemic diseases: systematic review and meta-analyses

Study

Country

Study type

Subjects included

Transition / No transition

Transition description

Setting

Diseases included

Age at transfer (years)

Transition staff

Program duration (months)

Follow-up (months)

Cole, 2015[29]

UK

Retrospective cohort

128

44 / 28

Joint consultations between adult and pediatric gastroenterologists starting at 15 years old

Inflammatory Bowel Disease unit

IBD

16 or older

Pediatric and adult physician, nurse, others

NR

38 (12–47)

Jensen, 2015[30]

USA

Prospective Cohort

236

219 / 26

Assessment for transition awareness and readiness to start the process with social worker (coordinator). Specific workbooks were provided and established written transition goals that were followed and discussed between patients, parents and the transition coordinator. The transfer was done when the pediatric rheumatologist seemed appropriate

Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic

JIA

16 or older

Social worker

Not standardized

6–8

Van den Brink, 2019[19]

Netherlands

Prospective cohort

35

35 / 0

Two multidisciplinary teams (pediatric and adult) discussed all patients before starting. At least four visits per year with pediatric team and once a year with adult team. Transition was made at 18 years old

NR

IBD

18

Pediatric and adult physician, nurse, others

13 (5–18)

12

Otto, 2019[20]

Hungary

Retrospective cohort

45

21 / 24

Joint sessions between pediatric and adult experts every six months to evaluate families of 16 years old adolescents that would transfer at 18 years old

Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic

IBD

NR

Pediatric and adult physician, nurse

NR

NR

Sattoe, 2020[31]

Netherlands

Cohort

110

56 / 54

A multidisciplinary team visited every three months patients aged 16 to 18 for three appointments, a fourth appointment was made with the adult care professional

Adult Gastroenterology Department

IBD

11–17

Pediatric and adult physician, nurse

12

24–48

Shaw, 2006[25]

UK

Prospective cohort

308

308 / 0

Individualized Transition Plans (ITP) were created for young persons and their parents in terms of transition, health, home and school. Three steps were evaluated as early (11–13 years), middle (14–16 years) and late (17 years and over) adolescents. Every ITP was self-completed and reviewed at the clinic every 6 months

NR

JIA

NR

Nurse, Physiotherapist, others

22

NR

McDonagh, 2007[9]

Hilderson, 2015[24]

Belgium

Prospective cohort

46

23 / 23

Five-step program that started with two appointments with the transition coordinator that provided information and support to the patient and was available by telephone, a information day for adolescents and parents, an individualized transfer plan and the final transfer

Pediatric Rheumatology Department

JIA

14–16

Social worker

16

NR

Walter, 2018[32]

Netherlands

Prospective cohort

154

78 / 76

ITP program started early at 12–14 years, the time of transfer is decided by the patient and physicians at 17–18 years old

Pediatric Rheumatology Department

JIA, SLE, others

NR

Pediatric and adult physician, nurse

NR

36

Cramm, 2013[26]

Netherlands

Retrospective cohort

115

31 / 69

Multicentered effort. Every center used a combination of interventions: information leaflets and websites, checklist for transition, patient reported outcomes (QoL instruments), transition coordinator, transition clinic, structural consultations, group sessions

NR

Type I DM, JIA, NMD

12–25

Pediatric and adult staff

12

12

Testa, 2018[27]

Italy

Retrospective cohort

45

24 / 21

One or two joint sessions between patient, family, pediatric and adult gastroenterologist

Pediatric and Adult Gastroenterology Department

IBD

NR

Pediatric and adult physicians

NR

12

Corsello, 2021[28]

Italy

Prospective cohort

106

43/ 63

Two joint sessions with pediatric and adult gastroenterologists. The first session was to examine previous medical history and planning the time of transition. The second session was to give the patients the possibility to discuss about future plans and therapies in a more autonomous and conscious way

Pediatric Center

IBD

19

Pediatric and adult physicians

NR

18

Gray, 2019[21]

USA

Retrospective cohort

153

82/ 135

Annual meeting with transition coordinator and families for 15–20 min that was followed by phone calls or e-mails three months later to follow up goals set during the meeting. Meetings started at 14 years old and transition readiness was assessed for transfer

Pediatric IBD Clinic

IBD

14–18

Social worker

NR

NR

Schmidt, 2015[22]

Germany

Quasi experimental study

325

53 / 46

Group training workshops were offered two consecutive days for a minimum group of four adolescents. Consisted of eight modules each of 60–90 min duration

NR

Type 1 DM, CF, IBD

15 or older

Psychologist and pediatrician

2 days

6

Schütz, 2019[23]

Germany

Retrospective cohort

35

11 / 24

Joint consultation at 18-year-old with pediatric and adult gastroenterologist without parents before the first visit at the adult clinic

Pediatrics Department

IBD

NR

Pediatric and adult physicians

NR

24

  1. CF cystic fibrosis, DM diabetes mellitus, JIA juvenile idiopathic arthritis, NMD neuromuscular disorders, SLE Systemic Lupus Erythematosus