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Table 4 Characteristics of Studies - Epidemiology

From: Epidemiology and demographics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Africa and Middle East

Sr. No.

Reference

Country

Study Design

No. of studies included

Sample size

Single or multiple center

Classification Criteria

Time Period

Study features and Limitations

Global/Regional

1.

Usenbo et al., 2015 [10]

Africa

Systematic Review

27 cross-sectional studies

NA

NA

Multiple criteria

1975-2014

•The studies included do not follow a standardized diagnostic criterion

•Risk of bias assessed for each study included

•Studies on JIA were not pooled in a meta-analysis due to wide statistical heterogeneity

Country

2.

Khuffash et al., 1988 [13]

Kuwait

Hospital, consultations

NA

186,363

Not reported

ACR (for 3 months)

1978-1987

•10-year study period

•ACR criteria utilized

•Potential referral bias of more severe cases specifically systemic JIA

3.

Khuffash et al., 1990 [14]

Kuwait

Hospital, medical records revised by experts, hospital attendance

NA

577,540

Multi-center

ACR (for 3 months)

1981-1988

•Retrospective

•Large population cohort

•Possible underestimation of undiagnosed cases in the community and nonreferral by primary care practitioners

•Children aged between 12 and 16 years were excluded.

•Female children possibly underrepresented

•No current data is available

4.

Abdwani et al., 2015 [11]

Oman

Hospital based, medical records

NA

528,480

Multi-center

ILAR 2004

2004-2013

•Retrospective

•10-year study duration

•Potential underestimation, only children <13 years of age were included

•Potential referral bias, study might have missed on milder cases

5.

Ozen et al., 1998 [15]

Turkey

Community based survey (parent questionnaire, clinical exam in homes by trained practitioners)

NA

46,813

Multi-center

EULAR (for 6 weeks)

1997

•Community-based study from 5 districts in turkey

•Possible Exclusion of undiagnosed cases not identifiable from questionnaires may have led to possible underestimation

6.

El-Soud et al., 2013 [12]

Egypt Sharkia Governate, Egypt

Population based prospective study, with retrospective chart review

NA

3,844,718

Multi-center

2004 ILAR

2009-2010

•First population-based study from Sharkia governate

•Large population cohort included 19 districts

•Possible underestimation of numbers due to undiagnosed cases in the community and nonreferral from primary care practitioners

7.

Singwe-Ngandeu et al., 2013 [16]

Cameroon

Cross sectional medical chart review

NA

34,782

Multi-center

Not reported

2004-2012

•Retrospective

•Large population cohort

•Potential referral bias of more severe cases

8.

Tayel et al., 1999 [17]

Egypt Alexandria

Community based confirmed by clinical examination

NA

1500

NA

EULAR

NA

•Cross sectional

•School based

•The prevalence period, method of data collection studied is unclear