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Table 1 Characteristics of studies included

From: Economic impact of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: a systematic review

Article

Country

Currency

(Year)

Design

N

Follow-upa

Total costs

Direct costs

Indirect costs

Reported

Adjustedb

Reported

Adjustedb

Reported

Adjustedb

Angelis, 2016 [7]

United Kingdom

EUR (2012)

Economic study

23

12

31,546

44,832

22,831

32,446

8,715

12,385

Bernatsky, 2007 [23]

Canada

CAD

(2005)

Retrospective observational

155

24

  

3,002

3,298

  

Ens, 2013 [4]

Canada

CAD

(2009)

Cohort

54

12

1,063

1,122

708

748

355

375

Minden, 2004 [17]

Germany

EUR (1999)

Economic study

215

12

3,471

5,591

1,899

3,059

1,571

2,530

Haapasaari, 2004 [26]cd

Finland

USD (2000)

Cohort

31

12

7,732

11,753

7,339

11,155

418

635

Hughes, 2018 [14]de

United Kingdom

GBP (2016)

Economic study

126

18

15,980

23,117

    

Yucel, 2012 [27]

Turkey

EUR

(2009)

Cohort

100

12

3,994

6,844

3,913

6,705

81

139

Kuhlmann, 2016 [1]

Germany, Italy, Spain, France, United Kingdom, Bulgaria, and Sweden

EUR

(2012)

Economic study

162

12f

30,034

42,682

    

Mars, 2019 [25]

Finland

EUR

(2014)

Retrospective observational

119

106

  

3,631

5,450

  

Mars, 2019 [24]

Finland

EUR

(2014)

Retrospective observational

137

106

  

3,155

4,736

  

Marshall, 2019 [28]g

United States of America

USD

(2016)

Cohort

3,815

12

  

10,175

10,830

  

Minden, 2009 [18]

Germany

EUR

(2018)

Economic study

369

12

4,663

5,312

4,172

4,752

  

Prince, 2011 [19]d

Netherlands

EUR

(2005)

Economic study

49

39

  

12,478

15,949

  

Shenoi, 2018 [20]h

France,

Germany, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and United States of America

USD

(2016)

Economic study

61

12

1,130

1,204

969

1,033

  

Thornton, 2008 [22]

United Kingdom

GBP (2008)

Economic study

276

12

  

1,649

2,709

  

Khatun, 2021 [15]

India

INR

(2018)

Economic study

60

12

19,463

310

12,133

193

7,350

117

Kip, 2020 [16]i

Netherlands

EUR

(2019)

Economic study

691

120

  

2,103

2,436

  

Thakral, 2020 [21]j

United States of America

USD

(2014)

Economic study

97

48

  

3,929

4,243

  
  1. CAD Canada dollar, USD United States dollar, EUR Euro, GBP Great Britain pound, INR Indian rupee
  2. aExpressed in months
  3. bAdjusted to inflation and converted to US Dollar. Based on exchange rate on December 31, 2019
  4. cThis article reports quarterly costs
  5. dAfter biologic therapy
  6. eThis article reports costs on a period of 18 months
  7. fExtrapolated from a 6-month period
  8. gOnly JIA related Costs
  9. hOnly Systemic JIA
  10. iThis article reports only costs related to medication
  11. jOnly Oligoarticular JIA