Table 3 Cognitive profile and academic estimated performance depending on JIA subtypes
From: Neuropsychological functioning and academic abilities in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Oligoarticular JIA | Polyarticular JIA | Enthesitis-related JIA | Deficit cut-off score | Oligoarticular vs. Polyarticular vs. Enthesitis-related JIA* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (range) | Mean (range) | Mean (range) | |||
Neuropsychological functioning | |||||
General intellectual efficiency (raw score) | |||||
Raven’s Progressive Matrices | 37.86 (23–47) | 32.13 (14–57) | 32.13 (14–57) | P10 | X2 = 4.83, p > .05 |
Main cognitive functions (standard range 0–19) | |||||
Attention and executive functions | |||||
Auditory Attention | 11.00 (8–14) | 8.57 (7–12) | 9.00 (5–12) | 7 | X2 = 2.95, p > .05 |
Response Set | 11.60 (11–13) | 12.57 (12–14) | 12.00 (9–14) | 7 | X2 = 1.24, p > .05 |
Word List Interference – Recall | 8.00 (5–10) | 9.86 (7–14) | 7.00 (1–12) | 7 | X2 = 3.74, p > .05 |
Narrative Memory – Free recall | 7.00 (4–11) | 8.00 (2–12) | 9.83 (6–16) | 7 | X2 = 3.20, p > .05 |
Language functions | |||||
Speeded Naming | 10.57 (7–14) | 10.25 (8–14) | 11.33 (8–15) | 7 | X2 = 0.77, p > .05 |
Comprehension of Instructions | 10.86 (9–15) | 10.75 (9–13) | 11.33 (9–14) | 7 | X2 = 2.95, p > .05 |
Memory and learning functions | |||||
Narrative Memory – Cued recall | 5.86 (3–10) | 5.50 (3–9) | 4.33 (3–7) | 7 | X2 = 1.98, p > .05 |
Memory for Faces | 10.14 (7–14) | 10.00 (6–15) | 10.67 6–14) | 7 | X2 = 0.92, p > .05 |
Memory for Faces Delayed | 9.29 (4–15) | 10.75 (6–15) | 9.50 (5–15) | 7 | X2 = 2.77, p > .05 |
Visual-spatial treatments | |||||
Geometric Puzzle | 14.00 (9–18) | 10.38 (7–15) | 12.17 (9–14) | 7 | X2 = 4.92, p > .05 |
Social cognition | |||||
Theory of Mind | 9.43 (4–16) | 7.38 (1–11) | 9.83 (1–16) | 7 | X2 = 1.11, p > .05 |
Affects Recognition | 10.71 (7–14) | 7.50 (1–14) | 10.50 (7–13) | 7 | X2 = 2.22, p > .05 |
Implicit memory (composite score) | |||||
Word Completion Test | 3.29 (−1–7) | 2.88 (− 1–6) | 3.67 (2–5) | – | X2 = 0.21, p > .05 |
Fragmented Picture Test | 7.57 (0–12) | 13.38 (2–29) | 8.83 (2–15) | – | X2 = 4.54, p > .05 |
Estimated academic performance | |||||
Reading skills (z score) | |||||
Alouette-R | −0.35 (− 1.7–0.86) | − 0.40 (− 1.17–0.68) | 0.10 (− 1.70–0.96) | - 1, 65 | X2 = 1.68, p > .05 |
Mathematical skills (standard range 0–19) | |||||
Arithmetic | 11.14 (8–14) | 9.88 (4–13) | 7.17 (3–10) | 7 | X2 = 8.31, p < .05 |