Skip to main content

Table 4 Association between baseline and 8-year variables and fatigue at 18-year follow-up

From: Fatigue in young adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis 18 years after disease onset: data from the prospective Nordic JIA cohort

 

18-year follow-up

  

Severe fatigueb

No. assessed

Fatiguea mean ±SD

No. (%)

OR (95% CI) crude

p-value

OR (95% CI) adjustedc

p-value

Baseline variables

 Sex

  Male

106

2.5 ±1.1

10 (9)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  Female

271

3.5 ±1.5

89 (33)

4.7 (2.3–9.4)

< 0.001

4.6 (2.3–9.3)

< 0.001

 Onset age

  < 6y

196

3.1 ±1.4

48 (24)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  ≥6y

179

3.3 ±1.5

50 (28)

1.2 (0.8–1.9)

0.5

1.1 (0.7–1.8)

0.6

 Diagnostic delay

  < 6 months

304

3.1 ±1.4

72 (24)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  ≥6 months

41

3.9 ±1.7

18 (44)

2.5 (1.3–4.9)

0.007

2.9 (1.4–5.9)

0.004

 ANA

  Negative

146

3.2 ±1.5

37 (25)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  Positive

62

3.3 ±1.5

16 (26)

1.0 (0.5–2.0)

0.9

0.9 (0.5–1.9)

0.9

 HLA-B27

  Negative

217

3.2 ±1.5

55 (25)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  Positive

60

3.4 ±1.6

20 (33)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

0.2

1.7 (0.9–3.3)

0.1

 VAS paind

  =0

50

2.5 ±1.3

8 (16)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  > 0

161

3.4 ±1.6

50 (31)

2.4 (1.0–5.4)

0.04

2.2 (0.9–5.1)

0.08

 Cumulative active joints

  ≤4 joints

232

3.1 ±1.5

53 (23)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  > 4 joints

135

3.4 ±1.5

43 (32)

1.6 (1.0–2.5)

0.06

1.5 (0.9–2.5)

0.1

Variables at 8-year visit

 VAS pain

  =0

139

2.7 ±1.4

25 (18)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  > 0

151

3.5 ±1.5

51 (34)

2.3 (1.3–4.0)

0.003

2.3 (1.3–4.0)

0.005

 CHQ PhS

  ≥40

133

2.9 ±1.3

29 (22)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  < 40

32

4.0 ±1.8

16 (50)

3.6 (1.6–8.0)

0.002

3.7 (1.5–8.9)

0.004

 CHQ PsS

  ≥40

152

3.1 ±1.4

39 (26)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  < 40

13

3.7 ±1.9

6 (46)

2.5 (0.8–7.8)

0.1

2.6 (0.7–9.3)

0.1

 CHAQ/HAQ

  =0

193

2.9 ±1.4

38 (20)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  > 0

104

3.7 ±1.6

40 (38)

2.5 (1.5–4.3)

0.001

2.3 (1.3–3.9)

0.004

 JADAS71

  ≤1

96

2.8 ±1.2

16 (17)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  > 1

97

3.7 ±1.6

37 (38)

3.1 (1.6–6.1)

0.001

2.8 (1.4–5.8)

0.004

 DMARDs/biologicse

  No

152

2.8 ±1.3

30 (20)

1.0 (ref.)

1.0 (ref.)

  Yes

215

3.3 ±1.4

66 (31)

1.8 (1.1–3.0)

0.02

2.0 (1.2–3.3)

0.009

  1. JIA juvenile idiopathic arthritis, No. numbers, SD standard deviation, OR odds ratio for Fatigue Severity Scale ≥4, CI confidence interval, ref. reference, ANA anti-nuclear antibody, measured twice at least 3 months apart, HLA-B27 human leucocyte antigen B27, VAS pain self-reported pain measured on a 21-numbered circle visual analogue scale (0 = no pain, 10 = maximum pain), CHQ Child Health Questionnaire, 0–100 (< 40 poor health), PhS physical summary score, PsS psychosocial summary score, CHAQ Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire, age < 18 years, HAQ Health Assessment Questionnaire, age ≥18 years, 0–3 (0 = lowest, 3 = highest), JADAS71 juvenile arthritis disease activity score based on evaluation of 71 joints, score ≤ 1 indicates inactive disease according to Consolaro et al., DMARDs disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; included methotrexate, azathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, sulfasalazine and mycophenolate mofetil, biologics biologics drugs; included etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab, golimumab, rituximab, abatacept, anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept and tocilizumab
  2. aFatigue measured with Fatigue Severity Scale global score, 1–7 (1 = lowest, 7 = highest)
  3. bFatigue Severity Scale ≥4
  4. cAdjusted for age and sex
  5. dAll Finnish participants excluded due to missing pain scores at baseline
  6. eUse of DMARDs and/or biologics from baseline to 8-year visit