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Table 3 Bone outcomes at baseline, 6- and 12-months of those participants who completed the study (n = 13). Values are mean (standard deviation) at baseline and 6- and 12-months and adjusted mean change (95% confidence interval) from baseline to 6-months and 12-months

From: Feasibility and safety of a 6-month exercise program to increase bone and muscle strength in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Variable

Baseline

6-months

12-months

Baseline – 6-months changed

Baseline – 12-months changed

LS BMC (g)

32.6 (8.4)

35.0 (8.3)

37.0 (9.1)

0.3 (− 0.9, 1.6)

1.2 (− 0.5, 2.8)

LS BMC z-score

−0.09 (0.64)

− 0.14 (0.65)

− 0.14 (0.65)

− 0.04 (− 0.24, 0.16)

−0.02 (− 0.28, 0.23)

Distal tibia Tt.BMD (mg/cm3)

223.1 (34.1)

223.8 (28.7)

234.9 (29.5)

2.7 (−5.0, 10.5)

15.0 (5.0, 25.0)a

z-score

− 0.98 (1.73)

− 1.10 (1.47)

− 0.86 (1.60)

− 0.15 (− 0.44, 0.13)

0.06 (− 0.30, 0.43)

# with z-score < − 2

3

2

3

  

Distal tibia BV/TV

0.141 (0.026)

0.141 (0.022)

0.144 (0.026)

−0.001 (− 0.006, 0.004)

0.001 (− 0.005, 0.007)

z-score

− 0.74 (1.48)

− 0.79 (1.30)

− 0.69 (1.46)

− 0.08 (− 0.31, 0.15)

0.01 (− 0.29, 0.30)

# with z-score < − 2

4

3

3

  

Distal tibia Ct.Th (mm)

0.69 (0.15)

0.69 (0.17)

0.77 (0.14)

−0.002 (− 0.054, 0.050)

0.075 (0.009, 0.142)b

z-score

−1.35 (1.62)

− 1.65 (1.59)

− 1.08 (1.62)

− 0.62 (− 1.14, − 0.10)d

−0.23 (− 0.91, 0.44)

# with z-score < − 2

4

4

2

  

Distal tibia F.Load (N)

3628 (845)

3825 (771)

4121 (878)

4.8 (− 204.9, 214.6)

190.2 (−81.1, 461.5)

z-score

−1.57 (1.58)

− 1.58 (1.14)

− 1.33 (1.39)

−0.08 (− 0.40, 0.25)

0.13 (− 0.29, 0.55)

# with z-score < − 2

4

4

4

  

Distal radius Tt.BMD (mg/cm3)c

251.3 (37.7)

245.5 (29.4)

242.3 (33.8)

−0.5 (− 14.2, 13.1)

1.5 (− 16.6, 19.6)

z-score

0.07 (0.83)

−0.26 (0.99)

− 0.47 (0.90)

− 0.42 (− 0.80, − 0.03)d

−0.60 (− 1.11, − 0.09)b

# with z-score < − 2

0

0

0

  

Distal radius BV/TVc

0.136 (0.022)

0.139 (0.023)

0.135 (0.027)

0.002 (−0.004, 0.007)

− 0.004 (− 0.011, 0.004)

z-score

−0.50 (0.97)

− 0.42 (1.01)

−0.67 (1.32)

0.01 (− 0.27, 0.30)

−0.27 (− 0.64, 0.10)

# with z-score < − 2

1

1

1

  

Distal radius Ct.Th (mm)c

0.62 (0.15)

0.60 (0.13)

0.60 (0.16)

0.03 (−0.03, 0.10)

0.08 (− 0.01, 0.16)

z-score

−0.21 (1.01)

− 0.61 (0.98)

−0.77 (0.83)

− 0.36 (− 0.97, 0.24)

−0.39 (− 1.18, 0.40)

# with z-score < − 2

0

1

0

  

Distal radius F.Load (N)c

1217 (392)

1297 (393)

1301 (375)

27.6 (−43.7, 99.0)

− 10.2 (− 105.3, 84.8)

z-score

−0.93 (1.47)

− 1.02 (1.32)

−1.25 (1.37)

− 0.22 (− 0.55, 0.12)

−0.38 (− 0.83, 0.06)

# with z-score < − 2

3

2

3

  
  1. BMC bone mineral content, Tt.BMD total bone mineral density, BV/TV trabecular bone volume ratio, Ct.Th cortical thickness, F.Load failure load
  2. ap < 0.01; bp < 0.05
  3. cn = 12 at baseline and 6-months and n = 11 at 12-months
  4. d Adjusted for change in height and maturity offset at baseline