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Table 2 Changes in outcome variables

From: Temporomandibular joint steroid injections in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an observational pilot study on the long-term effect on signs and symptoms

 

T1-Before treatment (SD)

T2-Short-term follow-up (SD)

T3-Long-term follow-up (SD)

Diff. T2-T1/ (SD)

Diff. T3-T1/ (SD)

Diff. T3- T2/ (SD)

ANOVA p-valuea

Post-testsb

Pain

        

Pain frequency (1–5)

4.5¤

2.3¤

2.7¤

2.2

1.8

0.4

0.0001d

T1 > T2 = T3e

Pain intensity (VAS 100 mm)

65.2 (19.9)

27.5 (22.2)

49.3 (24.8)

−37.8 (31.4)

−16.1 (27.7)

21.7 (22.7)

0.0006

T1 > T2 < T3, T1 = T3,

Pain index (Frequency x intensity)

295.5 (114.2)

84.9 (91.7)

154.7 (134.9)

−210.7 (149.1)

−140.8 (136.4)

69.8 (114.4)

0.0002

T1 > T2 < T3, T1 > T3,

Function

        

Mouth opening (mm)

35.5 (7.1)

40.3 (5.8)

39.3 (6.5)

4.9 (5)

3.9 (7.5)

−1 (6.5)

0.24

c

Laterotrusion (mm)

12.3 (4.8)

14.9 (2.9)

15.8 (5.4)

2.6 (3.4)

3.5 (3.5)

0.9 (4.2)

0.13

c

Protrusion (mm)

5.4 (1.5)

6.3 (1.7)

7.2 (2.9)

0.9 (2.1)

1.8 (2.7)

0.9 (2.9)

0.09

c

  1. aANOVA is used if nothing else i stated. bStudents paired T-test is used if nothing else is stated. A significant difference (p < 0.05) is indicated with”<” or “>”. cPost-Anova tests were only performed in outcome variables were a statistical significant difference was observed in the primary ANOVA test. dKruskal Wallis Ranksum test. eWilcoxon matched paired Rank test. ¤ A mean value has been calculated despite of the categorical nature of this variable