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Table 1 Causes of acrocyanosis

From: Primary Raynaud's phenomenon in an infant: a case report and review of literature

Type of acrocyanosis

Causes

Unilateral acrocyanosis

 
 

Local trauma/digital injury

 

Local infection: Paronechia

 

Raynaud's phenomenon

 

Thoracic outlet syndrome

 

Carpel Tunnel syndrome

 

Cervical tumors compressing neurovascular bundle*

e.g. Neuroblastoma, stellate ganglion tumor

 

Thromboembolism of arteries of palmar arch

 

Frostbite

 

Reflex Sympathetic dystrophy

Bilateral acrocyanosis**

 
 

Benign acrocyanosis of infancy

 

Frostbite

 

Pernio

 

Raynaud's phenomenon

 

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

 

Hypoxemia**

 

Congenital cyanotic heart disease**

 

Methemoglobinemia**

 

Purpura fulminans

 

Pheochromocytoma

  1. *: Need to look for other signs of Horner's syndrome on the ipsilateral side of the face (ptosis, anhydrosis, miosis of pupil or unequal pupils, poor light reflex and enopthalmos);**: Need close clinical evaluation for presence of central cyanosis.