Depression and anxiety and their association with healthcare utilization in pediatric lupus and mixed connective tissue disease patients: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Subject mental health characteristics: depression, suicidal ideation & anxiety prevalence

	Healthy N = 50	SLE/MCTD N = 50	OR (95% CI) p-value
	Healthy N = 50	SLE/MCTD N = 50	Unadjusted	Adjusted
Depression, N (%)	4 (8)	10 (20)	2.9 (0.8-9.9) p = 0.09	2.7 (0.7-10.2) p = 0.15
*Anxiety, N (%)**	13 (26)	11 (22)	0.8 (0.3-2.0) p = 0.64	0.7 (0.2-1.7) p = 0.38
Suicidal Ideation, N (%)	2 (4)	7 (14)	3.9 (0.8-19.8) 0.10	5.4 (1.02-28.3) p = 0.047
*Any symptom (depression and/or anxiety), N (%)**	13 (26)	17 (34)	-	-
PHQ-9 score in depressed, mean (SD)	14 (6)	11 (5)	-	-
Depression Symptom Severity, N (%)
Mild	0 (0)	5 (10)
Moderate	2 (4)	2 (4)
Moderately Severe	0 (0)	2 (4)
Severe	1 ((2)	1 (2)
SCARED score in anxious, mean (SD)	33 (8)	34 (7)	-	-
Co-morbid depression & anxiety, N (%)	3 (6)	3 (6)	-	-
Mental Health History (N,%)	5 (10)	5 (10)	-	-
Mental Health History in those with any symptom, N (%)	1 (8)	4 (24)	-	-

The prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation symptoms, and other mental health characteristics of the healthy control and full SLE/MCTD cohorts are shown. The logistic regression model for depression was adjusted for age, sex and race. The logistic regression model for anxiety was adjusted for sex. The logistic regression model for suicidal ideation was adjusted for race. Depression symptom severity was categorized according to the following PHQ-9 score ranges: mild 5–9; moderate 10–14; moderately severe 15–19; and severe 20–27. Two subjects screened positive for suicidal ideation and therefore depression, but were not categorized for depression. *Missing data is as follows: SCARED in 1 SLE/MCTD patient (2%).

ISSN: 1546-0096